Arsenic in groundwater is both naturally occurring and/or the result of contamination associated with agricultural and industrial practices. Severe human health effects have been observed when exposed to persistent arsenic in groundwaters.

Chemical feed and control systems are a vital component in all groundwater remediation applications. Each chemical has its own unique set of challenges that must be taken into consideration in the design, selection and application of the feed system.

Many dissolved metals have been found in harmful concentrations in groundwaters destined for potable and non-potable use due to both naturally occurring contamination as well as contamination introduced from industrial pollution.

Though widely distributed in soil, chromium is not common in natural waters. Rather, it’s presence occurs in surface waters as a result of improper wastewater treatment from electroplating, leather tanning, and textile industries.

Iron and manganese occur naturally in water, especially groundwater. Neither of the elements causes adverse heath effects, however, treatment is typically provided for aesthetic reasons to remove "rusty" taste and look to the water.

Landfill leachate is generated from liquids existing in the waste as it enters a landfill or from rainwater that passes through the waste within the facility. Managing the leachate through proper treatment methods is important to prevent pollution.

Nitrogen is essential for all living things, but high levels of nitrate-nitrogen in waters destined for potable, drinking purposes can pose serious health risks, especially for infants and pregnant women.

Treatment of groundwater for the removal of organic contaminants varies based on the intended uses, however, in most cases, even trace amounts of the contaminants require some level of removal to meet drinking water and/or makeup water requirements.

Perchlorate salts are man-made compounds used as combustion accelerants, in some munitions, fireworks, road flares. Manufacturing waste and improper disposal are increasingly being found in groundwater and local drinking water wells.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are carbon-based chemicals that easily evaporate into gaseous forms at ambient temperature. The human health risks associated with VOCs vary depending upon several factors including length of time and level of exposure.