Rupture diaphragms, hinged panels, and blow-out panels are three types of deflagration vent devices.  After rupture diaphragm or blow-out panel design systems relieve, the diaphragm or panel should be replaced to ensure the enclosure’s vapor-tight condition.  Weighted and spring-loaded hinged devices can easily be closed and reused after relieving.  When selecting any type of deflagration vent device, corrosion-resistant materials should be considered.

Individual separator systems should never be interconnected, as ignition in one system could cause the others to explode.  If refineries must use interconnections, they should install flashback devices to prevent the spread of fire.

Reliable instrumentation is critical for monitoring the enclosure’s environment.  Pressure gauges verify proper operation of the purge system.  Pressure sensors indicate excessive pressure and vacuum relieving conditions.  Oxygen analyzers provide continuous verification of the atmosphere within the enclosure.  Multiple units should have monitoring equipment as backup. 

Under pressure and oxygen deficient, the enclosure should be accessed cautiously during maintenance and service.  Warning labels about the volatile atmosphere should be posted at various locations around the enclosure and at every access point to the interior.

Vapor Control Device
Enclosed Combustion Devices
Vapor Recovery Devices
Flare Devices
Ignition Sources
Vapor Space Purging